Achilles Tendinitis
Achilles tendinitis is irritation of the tendon connecting the calf muscles to the heel, often related to overuse or a sudden increase in activity.
About achilles tendinitis
Achilles tendinitis is irritation of the tendon connecting the calf muscles to the heel, often related to overuse or a sudden increase in activity.
What can cause it?
Achilles tendinitis often follows repetitive running or jumping, a rapid increase in exercise, tight calf muscles, or footwear that changes tendon stress.
Age, certain medical conditions, and some medicines can also increase tendon-injury risk.
What a patient may notice
Symptoms vary from person to person. Possible signs may include:
- Pain or stiffness above the heel
- Tenderness that is worse with activity
- Swelling or thickening of the tendon
How clinicians find the cause
A clinician examines tenderness, swelling, ankle movement, calf strength, and the ability to push off. Ultrasound or MRI may be used when a tear is suspected or symptoms do not improve; x-rays may help identify other causes of heel pain.
Treatment and next steps
- 1
Initial treatment usually reduces tendon load and gradually restores flexibility and strength.
- 2
A clinician may recommend activity modification, physical therapy, supportive footwear, heel lifts, or temporary bracing.
- 3
A suspected rupture needs urgent orthopedic assessment and may require immobilization or surgery.
Supporting recovery
- Stop activities that increase pain and substitute lower-impact exercise if approved.
- Apply wrapped ice for short periods and elevate the leg when swollen.
- Return to running or jumping gradually under clinical or therapy guidance.
What to expect
Most people improve with activity modification and a gradual rehabilitation program, although recovery may take weeks to months. Returning to running or jumping too quickly can prolong symptoms. Persistent weakness or a sudden change may indicate a partial or complete tear.
Possible complications
- Long-lasting tendon pain or thickening
- Reduced ankle strength and difficulty returning to activity
- Partial or complete Achilles tendon rupture
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Arrange an evaluation when symptoms are new, worsening, interfering with normal activities, or not improving as expected.
A sudden pop, inability to push off, or inability to walk may indicate a tendon rupture and needs prompt evaluation.Get emergency help for severe trouble breathing, new chest pressure, fainting, seizure, sudden weakness on one side, uncontrolled bleeding, blue or gray lips, or a person who is difficult to wake.
Ways to lower risk
- Increase training slowly and include rest days.
- Warm up, strengthen the calf and ankle, and maintain flexibility.
- Use supportive footwear appropriate for the activity.
Trusted health information
This CHS patient-education page uses original wording and links to MedlinePlus for additional information.